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15 Though you, O Israel, play the whore,
    do not allow Judah to incur such guilt.
Do not come to Gilgal
    or go up to Beth-aven,
    and do not swear, “As the Lord lives!”[a]
16 For Israel is as stubborn as a heifer;
    will the Lord now feed them
    like lambs in a broad meadow?
17 Ephraim has associated with idols;
    let them alone.

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Footnotes

  1. Hosea 4:15 A scribe from the land of Judah inserted verse 15 at this point in order to put his fellow citizens, likewise, on guard. Gilgal was in fact a place of worship near Jericho (see 1 Sam 11:15), where sacrifice was undoubtedly still being offered. Beth-aven (“House of wickedness”) is a sarcastic deformation of Bethel (“House of God”), indicating that the worship offered at this sanctuary was corrupt. In the eyes of the editor, who writes after Josiah’s reform of 622 B.C., all the high places apart from Jerusalem were already corrupt. In fact, Hosea is addressing Ephraim, that is, the principal tribe of the northern kingdom, and therefore the entire kingdom.